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<title>Fraction diagram (H+,*AlOOH)</title>
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    <a href="SP_0_Main.htm"><img src="images/abacus.gif" border="0" width="32" height="32" alt="Calc." title="Calc."></a>&nbsp;</td>
    <td align="left" valign="middle"><font size="-1"><a href="SP_0_Main.htm">SED &amp; PREDOM</a>&nbsp;/ <nobr><a href="SP_Data_File_Format.htm">Input data-file format</a>&nbsp;/</nobr> <nobr><a href="SP_Names_Numbers.htm">Names and Numbers</a>&nbsp;/</nobr> <nobr><a href="SP_Removing_Species.htm">Deactivate species</a></nobr></font></td>
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<p>Fraction diagram showing the species distribution for
<i>soluble</i> hydroxyde complexes of Al as a function of pH:</p>
<ul>
<li>The diagram shows the species distribution for aqueous solutions
<u>in equilibrium with <nobr>AlOOH(cr)</nobr></u> (the activity <nobr>= 1</nobr>,
that is, <nobr>log activity</nobr> <nobr>= 0).</nobr> See below
<a href="#Total_C">an example</a> where the total concentration of Al
is given instead. To set the activity of a solid it is necessary to first
<a href="S_Modify_Chem_System.htm">exchange a component for a reaction</a>;
in this case exchange <nobr>Al<sup>3+</sup></nobr> with <nobr>AlOOH(cr).</nobr>
</li>

<li>The formation of <nobr>AlOOH(cr)</nobr> has been suppresed by
<a href="SP_Removing_Species.htm">deactivating</a> it, that is,
by adding an asterisk (*) as the first character in the
name <nobr>(*AlOOH(cr)).</nobr> In this way only <i>soluble</i> species
are shown, because all other solids are less stable than
AlOOH, and the system is in equilibrium with AlOOH.
</li>
</ul>

<p><center>
<img src="images/Diagr_FractAl.gif" alt="Fract_Diagr_Al" title="Fract_Diagr_Al" height="221" width="297" border="1">
</center></p>

<p>This diagram was obtained with the following input file:</p>
<pre>2 9 2 1
H+, *AlOOH(cr)
Al(OH)2+,  -1.516  1 1  Al(OH)3,        -8.316  0  1
Al(OH)4-, -14.116 -1 1  Al13O4(OH)24+7, 12.862  7 13
Al2(OH)2+4, 9.468  4 2  Al3(OH)4+5,     11.812  5  3
AlOH+2,     3.584  2 1  OH-,           -14.0   -1  0
Al+3,       8.584  3 1
Al(OH)3(am),-1.796  0 1 Al(OH)3(cr),  0.474  0 1
*AlOOH(cr),  H+,
LAV, -3 -11  LA, 0
</pre>

<a name="Total_C"></a>
<hr> <!-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -->
<p>If the total concentration for <nobr>*AlOOH(cr)</nobr> is given (instead of
its activity <nobr>= 1)</nobr> then because <nobr>*AlOOH(cr)</nobr> can not
precipitate, <nobr>Al(OH)<sub>3</sub>(cr)</nobr> is formed, as shown in the
following diagram:</p>

<p><center>
<img src="images/Diagr_FractAl2.gif" alt="Fract_Diagr_Al" title="Fract_Diagr_Al" height="221" width="297" border="1">
</center></p>

<p>This diagram was obtained with the following input file:</p>
<pre>2 9 2 1
H+, *AlOOH(cr)
Al(OH)2+,  -1.516  1 1  Al(OH)3,        -8.316  0  1
Al(OH)4-, -14.116 -1 1  Al13O4(OH)24+7, 12.862  7 13
Al2(OH)2+4, 9.468  4 2  Al3(OH)4+5,     11.812  5  3
AlOH+2,     3.584  2 1  OH-,           -14.0   -1  0
Al+3,       8.584  3 1
Al(OH)3(am),-1.796  0 1 Al(OH)3(cr),  0.474  0 1
*AlOOH(cr),  H+,
LAV, -3  -11  T, 1E-6</pre>

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